Annual or perennial herbs or small subshrubs. Stems often 4-angled. Leaves opposite or in false whorls. Stipular sheath present, divided into 1-many fimbriae. Flowers bisexual, usually in axillary many flowered clusters (which may run together to form a spike-like inflorescence); less often in terminal capitula. Flowers frequently intermixed with numerous ± scarious, filiform bracteoles. Calyx lobes 2-4(-8). Corolla funnel-shaped or salver-shaped; lobes (3-)4. Stamens 4, anthers usually exserted. Ovary 2-locular. Fruit usually a 2-valved capsule. Worldwide: c. 150 - 250 species, mainly America, but also widespread in the tropics and subtropics Burundi: 11 taxa. |
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| Species | Content | |
| dibrachiata Oliv. | Description, Image | |
| exilis (L.O.Williams) C.D.Adams ex W.C.Burger & C. | ||
| natalensis Hochst. | Description, Image | |
| princeae (K.Schum.) Verdc. | Description, Image | |
| pusilla Wall. | Description, Image | |
| quadrisulcata (Bremek.) Verdc. | ||
| ruelliae DC. | ||
| senensis (Klotzsch) Hiern | Description, Image | |
| sphaerostigma (A. Rich.) Vatke | Description, Image | |
| subvulgata (K.Schum.) J.G.García[Agg] | ||
| verticillata L. |